Unincorporated Santa Cruz County (Live Oak area) · Santa Cruz · Central Coast

Live Oak Builder's Remedy Projects (841 Capitola Road and 3500 Paul Sweet Road)

Litigated

841 Capitola Road and 3500 Paul Sweet Road, Live Oak (unincorporated Santa Cruz County), CA

Project type
Multifamily Rental
Units proposed
162
Date filed
April 9, 2024
Download brief (print to PDF)Unincorporated Santa Cruz County (Live Oak area) profileUse the data

Santa Cruz County adopted its housing element on November 14, 2023, but HCD did not certify it until April 2024, after the region's December 15, 2023 deadline; the county says four builder's remedy proposals were filed during the four months it was out of compliance. This case covers the two in Live Oak from the Santa Cruz developer Workbench. At 841 Capitola Road, Workbench filed an SB 330 preliminary application on April 9, 2024 for a five-story, 57-unit apartment building, with three units for extremely low-income and one for very low-income households, on a lot zoned for single-family homes. At 3500 Paul Sweet Road, beside Dominican Hospital and the Dominican Oaks retirement community, it proposes a six-story building with 105 rental units, six of them for extremely low-income households; Workbench dates its preliminary application to April 9, 2024, while the county's project page lists April 22. HCD's records show the element found in compliance on April 12, 2024, and its certification letter was first dated April 23. Neighbors argue the county was effectively compliant on March 15, 2024, when, they say, HCD finished its review and county staff were told the plan would be certified. The Planning Commission approved 841 Capitola Road unanimously on October 22, 2025. Neighbor Michael Reis appealed for Supporters of Reasonable Development for Live Oak, and on February 10, 2026 the Board of Supervisors rejected the appeal 4-1, with Supervisor Justin Cummings dissenting, after County Counsel Jason Heath said that asking a judge to decide the compliance date would risk nearly $3 million in state fines and legal fees. On January 14, 2026 the commission continued 3500 Paul Sweet Road to a date uncertain, asking for more information on fire access, ambulance travel times, evacuation, parking, sewer service and the hospital helipad; lawyers for the hospital argue that the project missed the builder's remedy window. On March 10, 2026 the supervisors agreed to write to HCD, and their March 18 letter asked HCD to find the element in substantial compliance as of March 15, 2024, calling the delay "largely administrative in nature." Neighbors sued over the Capitola Road approval on March 17, and on March 23 Workbench sued, saying the county missed its decision deadline and Paul Sweet Road is approved by operation of law; the item was pulled from the commission's March 25 agenda. A third builder's remedy project, 157 homes on Graham Hill Road filed by Lance Tate on April 11, 2024, has not had a hearing. Santa Cruz Local reported that a hearing in Workbench's suit was set for June 12, 2026; no ruling in either suit, and no HCD response to the county's letter, has been reported. The county's project pages, last updated September 1, 2026, list 841 Capitola Road as approved and 3500 Paul Sweet Road as continued to a date uncertain.

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Upcoming decision
Deemed-approved and neighbor suits · Santa Cruz County Superior Court
Date not yet set
Builder's remedy applicationContinued repeatedly

The Planning Commission continued 3500 Paul Sweet Road (105 units) in January 2026; the developer then sued claiming it is approved by operation of law. Neighbors sued over the 57-unit 841 Capitola Road approval. The county asked HCD to backdate its housing element certification; no response reported.

Timeline

November 14, 2023County Adopts Housing Element

The deadline for HCD certification in the Monterey Bay region is Dec. 15, 2023.

County of Santa Cruz
March 15, 2024State Finishes Its Review, Neighbors Say

Records cited by the neighbors, and later by the supervisors, show no substantive HCD review of the housing element after this date.

Santa Cruz Local
April 9, 2024Workbench Files Builder's Remedy Application for 841 Capitola Road

The SB 330 preliminary application is followed by a formal application on Oct. 3, 2024. Workbench says it filed for 3500 Paul Sweet Road the same day.

County of Santa Cruz
April 11, 2024Builder's Remedy Application Filed on Graham Hill Road

Lance Tate files for 157 homes on rural land. The project has not had a hearing.

County of Santa Cruz
April 12, 2024State Certifies County Housing Element

According to an HCD memo cited by the hospital's lawyers, the compliance letter first dated April 23 was revised to show compliance as of April 12.

County of Santa Cruz
April 22, 2024County Records Paul Sweet Road Preliminary Application

The county's project page gives this date. Workbench says it was a second filing and its operative application dates to April 9.

County of Santa Cruz
October 22, 2025Planning Commission Approves 841 Capitola Road

The vote is unanimous. Chair Trina Barton tells neighbors the commission's hands are tied.

Lookout Santa Cruz
November 3, 2025Neighbors Appeal to Supervisors

Michael Reis files for Supporters of Reasonable Development for Live Oak, arguing the builder's remedy does not apply.

County of Santa Cruz
December 9, 2025Supervisors Agree To Rehear Capitola Road

At a jurisdictional hearing the board unanimously orders a new review within 60 days.

Lookout Santa Cruz
January 14, 2026Commission Continues Paul Sweet Road to a Date Uncertain

The commission asks for nine items, including fire access, ambulance travel times, an evacuation plan and helipad compliance, and wants the fire marshal present.

County of Santa Cruz
February 10, 2026Supervisors Reject Appeal, Approve Capitola Road 4-1

Justin Cummings dissents. County counsel says seeking a court ruling on the compliance date would risk nearly $3 million.

Lookout Santa Cruz
March 10, 2026Supervisors Ask State To Move Compliance Date

The board agrees to write to HCD. Its March 18 letter asks that the element be found compliant as of March 15, 2024.

Lookout Santa Cruz
March 17, 2026Neighbors Sue Over Capitola Road Approval

Live Oak residents, including Michael Reis, sue the county and the Board of Supervisors.

Santa Cruz Local
March 23, 2026Workbench Sues Over Paul Sweet Road

Workbench says the county is "dragging their feet and refusing to issue an approval." The item is pulled from the commission's March 25 agenda.

Lookout Santa Cruz

Who was involved

Supporting
Ryan Patterson
Patterson & O'Neill
Attorney for Workbench

"This is a straightforward case of the county failing to make a decision by its deadline." Of the neighbors' suit: "Unfortunately, NIMBY opposition never stops." (April 2026)

Tim Gordin
Workbench
President of Workbench, applicant for both Live Oak projects

"It's the appellants grasping at straws to try and prevent housing from being built in their neighborhood." (February 2026)

Opposing
Justin Cummings
Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors
Supervisor; cast the only vote against the 841 Capitola Road approval

"It's our responsibility to represent the people and not the developers." (March 10, 2026, on the letter to HCD)

Michael Reis
Supporters of Reasonable Development for Live Oak
Grey Seal Road neighbor of 841 Capitola Road; filed the appeal and is listed on the March 17, 2026 suit

"We believe, based on the evidence, that the county was compliant on the 15th with state law, and therefore this project was never eligible, or shouldn't be eligible for the builder's remedy." (December 2025)

Rachel Howley
Dominican Hospital
Vice president of ancillary services at Dominican Hospital, next to 3500 Paul Sweet Road

"This proposed development, given its scale, presents a direct and perilous risk to patient and resident safety." (March 2026)

Deciding
California Department of Housing and Community Development
State of California
Certified the county housing element; received the county's March 18, 2026 request

HCD found the adopted element in compliance as of April 12, 2024. County spokesperson Jason Hoppin said at the end of March 2026 that the county had not received a response to its request.

Manu Koenig
Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors
Supervisor

"It's very frustrating to be in this position." (Feb. 10, 2026) He said the neighbors' arguments were good but the risk of siding with the appeal influenced his decision.

Santa Cruz County Planning Commission
Approved 841 Capitola Road on Oct. 22, 2025; continued 3500 Paul Sweet Road on Jan. 14, 2026

Chair Trina Barton: "We want to make this project better for you, but our hands are tied, and it's very frustrating for us." (October 2025)

Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors
Rejected the Capitola Road appeal 4-1; asked HCD to move the compliance date

Its March 18, 2026 letter asked that the housing element "should be determined to be in substantial compliance and certified as of March 15, 2024."

Neutral
Jason Heath
County of Santa Cruz
County counsel

On asking a judge to decide the compliance date: "I would not recommend that." He said it would risk nearly $3 million in state fines and legal fees. (Feb. 10, 2026)

How it was obstructed

Builder RemedyBuilder's Remedy
Invoked by Live Oak neighbors, Dominican Hospital and the Santa Cruz County Board of Supervisors · November 3, 2025

Neighbors argue the housing element was effectively compliant on March 15, 2024, before the applications were filed, so the builder's remedy does not apply. They appealed the 841 Capitola Road approval and sued after the supervisors upheld it. On March 18, 2026 the supervisors asked HCD to find the element compliant as of that date. Dominican Hospital's lawyers argue that 3500 Paul Sweet Road was filed too late. No court ruling or HCD response has been reported.

Outcome pending
Invoked by Santa Cruz County Planning Commission · January 14, 2026

The commission continued 3500 Paul Sweet Road to a date uncertain with nine requests for information. Staff answered them and recommended approval for March 25, 2026, but Workbench sued on March 23, alleging a missed decision deadline, and the item was pulled. The county still lists the project as continued.

Outcome pending

Decisions

Each row is a dated action by a deciding body, taken from the minutes, agenda packet, video, or ruling linked in the source column.

DateBodyActionVoteStaff recommendationSource
October 22, 2025Planning Commissionapproved
Approved 841 Capitola Road unanimously; individual votes were not reported.
—UnknownLookout Santa Cruz
November 3, 2025Board of Supervisorsappeal filed
Michael Reis appealed the 841 Capitola Road approval for Supporters of Reasonable Development for Live Oak.
—UnknownCounty of Santa Cruz
January 14, 2026Planning Commissioncontinued to a later date
Continued 3500 Paul Sweet Road to a date uncertain and directed staff to provide more information.
—UnknownCounty of Santa Cruz
February 10, 2026Board of Supervisorsappeal rejected
Rejected the appeal and approved 841 Capitola Road; Supervisor Justin Cummings dissented.
4–1UnknownLookout Santa Cruz
March 17, 2026Courtlawsuit filed
Live Oak residents, including Michael Reis, sued the county and the Board of Supervisors over the 841 Capitola Road approval.
—UnknownSanta Cruz Local
March 23, 2026Courtlawsuit filed
Workbench sued the county and its Planning Commission over 3500 Paul Sweet Road, alleging a missed decision deadline.
—UnknownLookout Santa Cruz

Sources

Builder's Remedy
County of Santa Cruz